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Studied ~27 people in 3 groups:

1) had lost average of 57 lb and maintained for average of 9 years

2) always normal control group - people who were never overweight and had similar average weight to group 1)

3) overweight/obese control group - people who averaged around the initial weight of group 1)

 

They used some clever science involving deuterium-labeled water to directly measure energy intake (how much being eaten) and energy expenditure, backed up by some other techniques (counting steps with accelerometer attached to thigh).  So they weren't just relying on what people said they were eating or doing.

 

What they found is that group 1), the lost-weight-and-kept-it-off gang, were actually still eating about as many calories per day as group 3) the overweight control group, and significantly more than group 2) the always-normal weight control group.  The difference was about 300 kcal/day.

 

But they were more physically active to compensate - maybe about 10% more, maybe as much as 35% more.

 

They did not find a decrease in metabolism (resting energy expenditure).

 

Careful work, and in some ways more encouraging results than some other studies relying on what people say they're doing/eating

 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/oby.22373

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